ثرييد عن القمرية اليمنية📍
سنذكر في هذا الثريد عدة نقاط منها:
١_مما تتكون القمرية وكيفية بناءها؟
٢_سبب التسمية ووقت ظهورها؟
٣_استخداماتها في الفن المعماري اليمني؟
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حسابي الاحتياطي اشكر كل من تابعني فيه @m2i_b
"نبدا بسم الله"
#ثريد
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Thread about the Yemeni Qamariyya 📍
In this thread, we will mention several points, including:
1_What does the lunar system consist of and how was it built?
2_The reason for the name and the time of its appearance?
3_ Its uses in Yemeni architecture?
.......................
My reserve account. I thank everyone who followed me there @m2i_b
"We begin in the name of God"
#Thread
سنذكر في هذا الثريد عدة نقاط منها:
١_مما تتكون القمرية وكيفية بناءها؟
٢_سبب التسمية ووقت ظهورها؟
٣_استخداماتها في الفن المعماري اليمني؟
.......................
حسابي الاحتياطي اشكر كل من تابعني فيه @m2i_b
"نبدا بسم الله"
#ثريد
______________________________
Thread about the Yemeni Qamariyya 📍
In this thread, we will mention several points, including:
1_What does the lunar system consist of and how was it built?
2_The reason for the name and the time of its appearance?
3_ Its uses in Yemeni architecture?
.......................
My reserve account. I thank everyone who followed me there @m2i_b
"We begin in the name of God"
#Thread
تعد "القمرية" أكثر الوحدات الفنية في العمارة اليمنية إدهاشا وجمالا، ورغم مظاهر العصرنة التي بدأت تغزو أنماط البناء في اليمن، فإن القمرية -لمرونتها وجماليتها- استطاعت أن تواكب مختلف هذه الأنماط، شكلا ومكانا، باعتبارها لازمة أساسية تجمع بين الأصالة والمعاصرة في العمارة اليمنية.
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The Qamariyya is considered the most astonishing and beautiful artistic unit in Yemeni architecture. Despite the aspects of modernity that began to invade building styles in Yemen, the Qamariyya - due to its flexibility and beauty - was able to keep pace with these various styles, in form and place, as it is a basic necessity that combines authenticity and contemporaneity in Yemeni architecture.
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The Qamariyya is considered the most astonishing and beautiful artistic unit in Yemeni architecture. Despite the aspects of modernity that began to invade building styles in Yemen, the Qamariyya - due to its flexibility and beauty - was able to keep pace with these various styles, in form and place, as it is a basic necessity that combines authenticity and contemporaneity in Yemeni architecture.
وتُصنع القمرية من مادة الجص (تشبه الجبس) التي تزخر بها البيئة اليمنية، بعد طحنها وخلطها بالماء، ثم تصب عجينةَ على لوح خشبي بأبعاد معينة وفق مساحة القمرية، ثم يُرسم الشكل المطلوب بآلة الفرجار، وتُحفر الرسوم بالسكين لإظهار الزخارف.
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Al-Qamariyya is made from plaster (similar to gypsum), which is abundant in the Yemeni environment, after grinding it and mixing it with water. Then the dough is poured onto a wooden board with specific dimensions according to the area of Al-Qamariyya, then the desired shape is drawn with a compass machine, and the drawings are engraved with a knife to show the decorations.
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Al-Qamariyya is made from plaster (similar to gypsum), which is abundant in the Yemeni environment, after grinding it and mixing it with water. Then the dough is poured onto a wooden board with specific dimensions according to the area of Al-Qamariyya, then the desired shape is drawn with a compass machine, and the drawings are engraved with a knife to show the decorations.
تترك القمرية لمدة يومين حتى تجف وبعدها تُزاح عن اللوح الخشبي وتوضع على أرضية ناعمة، وتبدأ مرحلة تثبيت الزجاج الملون، ثم ينظف ذلك الزجاج من بقايا الجص العالقة.
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The Qamaria is left for two days until it dries, after which it is removed from the wooden board and placed on a smooth floor. The stage of installing the colored glass begins, and then the glass is cleaned of any remaining plaster residue.
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The Qamaria is left for two days until it dries, after which it is removed from the wooden board and placed on a smooth floor. The stage of installing the colored glass begins, and then the glass is cleaned of any remaining plaster residue.
والقمرية عبارة عن نصف دائرة تعلو النوافذ بالواجهات الخارجية للمبنى، وإلى جانب وظيفتها الجمالية لها وظيفة أخرى في جلب مزيد من الضوء إلى داخل المبنى، ولا يعني ذلك أن القمرية لا تدخل في التشكيلات الداخلية للمنزل.
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The lunar is a semicircle above the windows on the exterior facades of the building, and in addition to its aesthetic function, it has another function in bringing more light into the building. This does not mean that the lunar is not included in the interior decorations of the house.
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The lunar is a semicircle above the windows on the exterior facades of the building, and in addition to its aesthetic function, it has another function in bringing more light into the building. This does not mean that the lunar is not included in the interior decorations of the house.
القمرية سميت بهذا الاسم لبياضها الناصع الذي تتميز به، ولأن النور الذي ينفذ منها يكون أبيضَ هادئا أشبه بضوء القمر ويقال الاسم جاء بسبب الشكل الغالب على القمرية (نصف دائرة) والذي يشبه القمر في حالة عدم اكتماله.
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Al-Qamariyya was given this name due to its bright white character, and because the light that penetrates it is calm white, resembling moonlight. It is said that the name came because of the dominant shape of Al-Qamariyya (semicircle), which resembles the moon in its incomplete state.
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Al-Qamariyya was given this name due to its bright white character, and because the light that penetrates it is calm white, resembling moonlight. It is said that the name came because of the dominant shape of Al-Qamariyya (semicircle), which resembles the moon in its incomplete state.
ويرجع تاريخ استخدام القمرية إلى ما قبل 4000عام، ان استخدام الرخام الشفاف كمادة تسمح بنفاذ ضوء الشمس إلى داخل المبني يرجع لعصر ملوك سبأ كما هو الحال في قصر غمدان الملكي بصنعاء.
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The history of the use of the moon dates back to 4000 years ago, that the use of transparent marble as a substance that allows sunlight to penetrate the building dates back to the era of the kings of Sheba, as is the case in the Royal Ghamdan Palace in Sana'a.
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The history of the use of the moon dates back to 4000 years ago, that the use of transparent marble as a substance that allows sunlight to penetrate the building dates back to the era of the kings of Sheba, as is the case in the Royal Ghamdan Palace in Sana'a.
هناك تسميات مختلفة للقمرية يرجع بعضها إلى الشكل وبعضها إلى الزخارف، ومن أهم هذه التسميات: ياقوتي – روماني – شعاع – زنجيري – مقبب – عقيق، مشيرا إلى أن الزخارف الأكثر حضورا هي الأشكال النباتية، والأشكال الهندسية، والزخارف الإسلامية، كما تظهر بشكل نادر النجمة السداسية وفق قوالب تقليدية، لتعزز فرضية أسبقية اليهود اليمنيين في هذه الحرفة.
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There are different names for the Qamariyya, some of which are due to the shape and some to the decorations, and the most important of these names are: ruby - Roman - beam - vermilion - domed - agate, indicating that the most present decorations are plant shapes, geometric shapes, and Islamic decorations, and the star also appears rarely. Hexagrams according to traditional templates, to reinforce the hypothesis of the primacy of Yemeni Jews in this craft.
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There are different names for the Qamariyya, some of which are due to the shape and some to the decorations, and the most important of these names are: ruby - Roman - beam - vermilion - domed - agate, indicating that the most present decorations are plant shapes, geometric shapes, and Islamic decorations, and the star also appears rarely. Hexagrams according to traditional templates, to reinforce the hypothesis of the primacy of Yemeni Jews in this craft.
ابتدع المعماري اليمني القمرية لتأمين الإضاءة الداخلية بعد إغلاق النوافذ الخشبية التي يترتّب على إغلاقها ليلاً أو نهاراً فقدان الإضاءة الطبيعية. ويستخدم اليمنيون منذ فترة طويلة القمرية في المنازل بالمدن والأرياف، وعادة ما يتم وضعها في الطوابق العلوية أو ما يسمى بالمفرج في العمارة اليمنية.
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The Yemeni architect created the Qamariyya to provide interior lighting after closing the wooden windows, which would result in the loss of natural lighting during the day or night. Yemenis have long used qamariyya in homes in cities and rural areas, and it is usually placed on the upper floors or what is called the mafraj in Yemeni architecture.
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The Yemeni architect created the Qamariyya to provide interior lighting after closing the wooden windows, which would result in the loss of natural lighting during the day or night. Yemenis have long used qamariyya in homes in cities and rural areas, and it is usually placed on the upper floors or what is called the mafraj in Yemeni architecture.
وتستخدم القمرية في نوافذ المساجد والمآذن الخاصة بها وقد صُمِّمت نوافذ المصلّى القبلي في المسجد الاقصى، الذي يبلغ سمك جداره نحو متر، لتكون من جهتين:
١_واحدة خارجية مُصمّمة بأشكالٍ هندسية من الجبس المعشّق بالزجاج الشفاف.
٢_وواحدة داخلية مزخرفة بالزجاج الملوّن بصور النباتات وقشر السمك.
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The lunar windows are used in the windows of mosques and their minarets. The windows of the Qibli prayer hall in Al-Aqsa Mosque, whose wall is about a meter thick, were designed to be from two sides:
1_An external one designed with geometric shapes made of gypsum covered with transparent glass.
2_And an interior one decorated with colored glass with images of plants and fish scales.
١_واحدة خارجية مُصمّمة بأشكالٍ هندسية من الجبس المعشّق بالزجاج الشفاف.
٢_وواحدة داخلية مزخرفة بالزجاج الملوّن بصور النباتات وقشر السمك.
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The lunar windows are used in the windows of mosques and their minarets. The windows of the Qibli prayer hall in Al-Aqsa Mosque, whose wall is about a meter thick, were designed to be from two sides:
1_An external one designed with geometric shapes made of gypsum covered with transparent glass.
2_And an interior one decorated with colored glass with images of plants and fish scales.
انتهى الثريد.
اليمن دولة ذات حضارة وتاريخ عريق وقديم نسأل الله ان تنتهي هذه الحرب وان تعود كما كانت الارض السعيدة.🇾🇪
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The Thread is over.
Yemen is a country with a long and ancient civilization and history. We ask God to end this war and return to what the happy land was.🇾🇪
اليمن دولة ذات حضارة وتاريخ عريق وقديم نسأل الله ان تنتهي هذه الحرب وان تعود كما كانت الارض السعيدة.🇾🇪
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The Thread is over.
Yemen is a country with a long and ancient civilization and history. We ask God to end this war and return to what the happy land was.🇾🇪
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