ثريد اليوم عن الصحة النفسية وتحديدًا عن
Schizophrenia
او ما يعرف بـ (الفصام)
حاولت اسرده بطريقة مبسطة قدر المستطاع، اتمنى للجميع قراءة ممتعة ومفيدة ✨
Schizophrenia
او ما يعرف بـ (الفصام)
حاولت اسرده بطريقة مبسطة قدر المستطاع، اتمنى للجميع قراءة ممتعة ومفيدة ✨
ايش هو الفصام؟
Eugen Bleuler introduced the term "schizophrenia" which means "split minded"
Schizophrenia is a major psychotic disorder marked by a profound withdrawal from interpersonal relationships, cognitive & perceptual disturbances that make dealing with reality difficult
Eugen Bleuler introduced the term "schizophrenia" which means "split minded"
Schizophrenia is a major psychotic disorder marked by a profound withdrawal from interpersonal relationships, cognitive & perceptual disturbances that make dealing with reality difficult
كيف نقدر نميزه او ايش صفاته؟
It’s characterized by: splitting of normal links between perception, mood, thinking, behavior and contact with reality.
ومن اهم وابرز صفاته حاجتين
Hallucinations and delusions
It’s characterized by: splitting of normal links between perception, mood, thinking, behavior and contact with reality.
ومن اهم وابرز صفاته حاجتين
Hallucinations and delusions
Symptoms
الفصام عنده اربعة اعراض اساسية، تعرف بـ
Bleuler’s four A's
1- Autistic thinking:
Disturbances in thought due to the intrusion of a private fantasy world that is internally stimulated, resulting in abnormal responses to people and events in the real world.
الفصام عنده اربعة اعراض اساسية، تعرف بـ
Bleuler’s four A's
1- Autistic thinking:
Disturbances in thought due to the intrusion of a private fantasy world that is internally stimulated, resulting in abnormal responses to people and events in the real world.
2- Loosening of Associations (LOA):
Thought disturbance, speaker rapidly changes from one subject to another.
3- Ambivalence:
Holding two different attitudes, emotions, thoughts, or feelings about a person, object, or situation.
Thought disturbance, speaker rapidly changes from one subject to another.
3- Ambivalence:
Holding two different attitudes, emotions, thoughts, or feelings about a person, object, or situation.
4- Affect Disturbances
Affect: an objective manifestation of an experience of emotion accompanying an idea or feeling
ممكن يكون على صور مختلفة منها
- Inappropriate affect: Affect that is not congruent with the emotion
- Labile affect: Rapid changes in emotional expression.
Affect: an objective manifestation of an experience of emotion accompanying an idea or feeling
ممكن يكون على صور مختلفة منها
- Inappropriate affect: Affect that is not congruent with the emotion
- Labile affect: Rapid changes in emotional expression.
Schizophrenia تنقسم لاربعة انواع
1- Paranoid schizophrenia
Delusions: persecutory (false fixed belief that one is chased by others or others intend to harm him) or grandiose (false fixed beliefs that one is powerful&important person)
ومن الممكن انهم يولدوا قلق، شكوك، غضب وعدائية
1- Paranoid schizophrenia
Delusions: persecutory (false fixed belief that one is chased by others or others intend to harm him) or grandiose (false fixed beliefs that one is powerful&important person)
ومن الممكن انهم يولدوا قلق، شكوك، غضب وعدائية
Auditory hallucinations are common here and are related to the delusion.
Paranoid schizophrenia often has a sudden onset, sometimes triggered by severe stressors.
Paranoid schizophrenia often has a sudden onset, sometimes triggered by severe stressors.
2- Disorganized schizophrenia
Characterized by a severe disintegration of the personality.
Speech: is disorganized and may include word salad, incoherent speech, and clanging (Putting words together because of how they sound instead of what they mean).
Characterized by a severe disintegration of the personality.
Speech: is disorganized and may include word salad, incoherent speech, and clanging (Putting words together because of how they sound instead of what they mean).
Behavior: stereotyped behaviors and uninhibited sexual behaviors
Patient is also withdrawn, having concrete thinking and poor coordination, poor personal grooming and is often unable to complete activities of daily living (ADLs).
Patient is also withdrawn, having concrete thinking and poor coordination, poor personal grooming and is often unable to complete activities of daily living (ADLs).
3- Catatonic schizophrenia
Intense psychomotor disturbance may take the form of stupor, or excitement.
There may be automatic obedience on the one hand and excessive and purposeless movement on the other.
Intense psychomotor disturbance may take the form of stupor, or excitement.
There may be automatic obedience on the one hand and excessive and purposeless movement on the other.
4- Undifferentiated schizophrenia
لا يمكن تصنيفه، ما وقع تحت المتطلبات اللازمة لتشخيص اي من الانواع اعلاه، بس يكون فيه صفات من كل نوع.
The psychotic manifestations are extreme, including delusions, hallucinations, bizarre & disorganized behavior, disorientation , and incoherence.
لا يمكن تصنيفه، ما وقع تحت المتطلبات اللازمة لتشخيص اي من الانواع اعلاه، بس يكون فيه صفات من كل نوع.
The psychotic manifestations are extreme, including delusions, hallucinations, bizarre & disorganized behavior, disorientation , and incoherence.
5- Residual schizophrenia
تصيب الاشخاص اللي اتعرضوا للفصام واصبحوا خاليين من الاعراض الايجابية، وباقي بعض الاعراض السلبية
-حنتكلم عن الاعراض لاحقًا-
The usual signs of the illness are mild loosening of associations, illogical thinking, social withdrawal, and bizarre behavior
تصيب الاشخاص اللي اتعرضوا للفصام واصبحوا خاليين من الاعراض الايجابية، وباقي بعض الاعراض السلبية
-حنتكلم عن الاعراض لاحقًا-
The usual signs of the illness are mild loosening of associations, illogical thinking, social withdrawal, and bizarre behavior
Nursing Management
كتمريض ايش نعمل مع مرضى الفصام؟
في الرابط عملت ٤ خطط تمريضية مفصلة بأهم اربعة
تشخيصات تمريضية
drive.google.com
كتمريض ايش نعمل مع مرضى الفصام؟
في الرابط عملت ٤ خطط تمريضية مفصلة بأهم اربعة
تشخيصات تمريضية
drive.google.com
بالنسبة للاعراض زي ما ذكرنا تنقسم لايجابية وسلبية
اولاً راح نفحص الاعراض الايجابية اللي تظهر في المراحل الاولى من المرض وغالبًا تستجيب للـ
antipsychotic or neuroleptic medications
الاعراض الايجابية مقسمة على ثلاثة اقسام، تغيرات في التفكير، في الادراك وفي السلوك.
اولاً راح نفحص الاعراض الايجابية اللي تظهر في المراحل الاولى من المرض وغالبًا تستجيب للـ
antipsychotic or neuroleptic medications
الاعراض الايجابية مقسمة على ثلاثة اقسام، تغيرات في التفكير، في الادراك وفي السلوك.
اولاً: تغيرات التفكير
Alteration of thought
1- Delusions, commonly:
⁃ Ideas of reference (believes that others are talking about him)
⁃ Delusions of persecution.
⁃ Delusions of grandeur.
⁃ Delusions of jealousy (beliefs that their spouse is cheating on them)
Alteration of thought
1- Delusions, commonly:
⁃ Ideas of reference (believes that others are talking about him)
⁃ Delusions of persecution.
⁃ Delusions of grandeur.
⁃ Delusions of jealousy (beliefs that their spouse is cheating on them)
⁃ Thought broadcasting, the belief that one's thoughts can be heard by others
⁃ Thought insertion, the belief that thoughts of others are being inserted into one's mind
⁃ Thought withdrawal, the belief that thoughts have been removed from one's mind by an outside agency.
⁃ Thought insertion, the belief that thoughts of others are being inserted into one's mind
⁃ Thought withdrawal, the belief that thoughts have been removed from one's mind by an outside agency.
⁃ Delusions of being controlled, beliefs that one's body or mind is controlled by an outside agency
2-Autistic thinking
3-Looseness of associations: Illogical and haphazard connections between ideas
4-Clang association
5-Neologism: Creation of new words
6-Concrete thinking
7-Echolalia: Repeating the speech of another person
8-Word salad: Mixture of words that have no meaning
3-Looseness of associations: Illogical and haphazard connections between ideas
4-Clang association
5-Neologism: Creation of new words
6-Concrete thinking
7-Echolalia: Repeating the speech of another person
8-Word salad: Mixture of words that have no meaning
ثانيًا: تغيرات الادراك
Alterations in perception
1- Hallucinations: sensory perceptions for which no external stimulus exists
It may be Auditory – Visual– Olfactory or Tactile
Alterations in perception
1- Hallucinations: sensory perceptions for which no external stimulus exists
It may be Auditory – Visual– Olfactory or Tactile
2- Loss of ego boundaries: People with schizophrenia often lack a sense of their body in relationship to the rest of the world
تنقسم لحاجتين
A. Depersonalization: a feeling that a person lost his identity, that he’s different, unreal and that some body parts don’t belong to him
تنقسم لحاجتين
A. Depersonalization: a feeling that a person lost his identity, that he’s different, unreal and that some body parts don’t belong to him
B. Derealization: false perception that environment has changed.
ممكن يشوف الاشياء مختلفة وعلى غير حجمها الطبيعي
ممكن يشوف الاشياء مختلفة وعلى غير حجمها الطبيعي
ثالثًا: تغيرات سلوكية
Alterations in behavior
1- Bizarre behavior:
Extreme motor agitation
2-Stereotyped behaviors:
Motor patterns that originally had meaning to the person (e.g. sweeping the floor, washing windows) but that have become mechanical and lack purpose.
Alterations in behavior
1- Bizarre behavior:
Extreme motor agitation
2-Stereotyped behaviors:
Motor patterns that originally had meaning to the person (e.g. sweeping the floor, washing windows) but that have become mechanical and lack purpose.
3- Automatic obedience
Performing without hesitation, all simple commands in a robot-like fashion
4- Waxy flexibility
Consists of excessive maintenance of posture evidenced when a person's arms or legs can be placed in any position & the position is held for long periods of time
Performing without hesitation, all simple commands in a robot-like fashion
4- Waxy flexibility
Consists of excessive maintenance of posture evidenced when a person's arms or legs can be placed in any position & the position is held for long periods of time
5- Stupor:
Person who is in stupor may sit motionless for long periods of time and may be motionless to the point of apparent coma.
6- Negativism: is resistance.
In active negativism, the person does the opposite of what he is told to do.
Person who is in stupor may sit motionless for long periods of time and may be motionless to the point of apparent coma.
6- Negativism: is resistance.
In active negativism, the person does the opposite of what he is told to do.
7- Agitated behavior:
Clients lack social sensitivity and can act out impulsively with others, such as grab another's cigarette, throw food on the floor.
Clients lack social sensitivity and can act out impulsively with others, such as grab another's cigarette, throw food on the floor.
ثانيًا راح نفحص الاعراض السلبية
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Patient might not be able to:
- Initiate and maintain relationships / conversations.
- Hold a job.
- Make decisions.
- Maintain adequate hygiene and grooming
- Anergia (chronic state of lethargy and low energy)
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Patient might not be able to:
- Initiate and maintain relationships / conversations.
- Hold a job.
- Make decisions.
- Maintain adequate hygiene and grooming
- Anergia (chronic state of lethargy and low energy)
- Anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities)
- Poverty of content of speech.
- Poverty of speech.
- Thought blocking.
- Poverty of content of speech.
- Poverty of speech.
- Thought blocking.
Nursing diagnosis
بالنسبة للتشخيصات التمريضية وهي اخر محاور الثريد لليوم، الاساسيين هم
Altered thought processes
Sensory/perceptual alterations
وحسب الحالة والاولوية تجي بعدهم الامور الاخرى مثل
Impaired verbal communication
Social isolation
Ineffective individual coping
بالنسبة للتشخيصات التمريضية وهي اخر محاور الثريد لليوم، الاساسيين هم
Altered thought processes
Sensory/perceptual alterations
وحسب الحالة والاولوية تجي بعدهم الامور الاخرى مثل
Impaired verbal communication
Social isolation
Ineffective individual coping
Self-care deficit [bathing, hygiene, dressing, grooming, feeding, toileting].
Altered family processes.
Risk for violence: directed at others.
Risk for violence: self-directed.
Altered family processes.
Risk for violence: directed at others.
Risk for violence: self-directed.
وبكدا نكون وصلنا لنهاية الثريد
اتمنى انه كان خفيف ومفيد وممتع ♥️
اتمنى انه كان خفيف ومفيد وممتع ♥️
By: @NursesCap ✨
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