Manual Of Medicine
Manual Of Medicine

@ManualOMedicine

7 تغريدة 3 قراءة May 07, 2023
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💠 Beyond Diuresis – Treatment Adjuncts in Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema.
➡️ Diuretics have traditionally been a mainstay of therapy for cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
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➡️ Diuretics may not be the preferred initial therapy for those patients with vascular failure, who are often euvolemic, or those with cardiogenic shock, who are often hypovolemic.
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➡️ In these patients, the emergency provider should first optimize preload and afterload reduction with the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), nitrates, or inotropes as indicated.
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➡️ Early use of NPPV significantly reduces rates of intubation and inhospital mortality.
➡️ NPPV decreases preload and afterload by increasing intrathoracic pressure.
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➡️ Nitrates should be administered early and rapidly to maximize preload and afterload reduction.
➡️ At low doses, nitrates dilate the venous system and reduce preload.
➡️ At higher doses, nitrates produce arterial dilation with resultant afterload reduction.
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➡️ Sodium nitroprusside is an alternative that may be useful in patient’s refractory to nitroglycerin therapy
➡️ For patients presenting with pulmonary edema secondary to cardiogenic shock, an inotrope such as dobutamine should be initiated to improve cardiac output.
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➡️ Recent data suggest worse outcomes with the use of morphine for cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
➡️ Diuretic administration should follow the use of more rapidly acting preload and afterload reducing therapies, particularly if there is little suspicion of volume overload.

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